ABSTRACT
If we have succeeded in fulfilling our intentions adequately, we have presented a picture of the four-year-old, not as a lay figure passively waiting for Child-Upbringing to be practised upon him, but as an active personality in his own right, a creature of variable personal needs and temperaments, whose determination to make his mark on his parents’ awareness is nearly as great as theirs to socialize him. There is little doubt that this very individuality, despite the fact that it inevitably increases the likelihood of clashes of will between mother and child, is something which most mothers find attractive, and which they value rather highly.
