ABSTRACT
In c o n t ~ t with the Hitch et al. (1989) proposal that there is little develo~mental improvement in visual working memory after age 5, Case (1992) discussed studies by Crammond (1992) and Menna (1989) that demon-
rally tap the “withholding” dimension of inhibition. nhibition that requires a ding response and
lly has focused on sc children, although examined this CO of inhibition iyoung chil-
dren as well ( ~ u n e o &Welsh, 1992; Gerstadt, Hong, & Diamond, 1994). Inhibition in early childhood traditionally has been assessed by means
in the activity, frequently with an added incentive to do so. Selfl is operationalized as the amount of time the child can delay vari-
ous approach behaviors (touching, eating, etc.). According to Olson and colleagues (Olson, 1989; Olson, Bates, & Bayles, 1990), self-control behavior in children may reflect two relatively independent sources of normal variation: an inhibitory control ability that is closely tied to cognitive development and a predisposition toward complying with internalized social ex~ectations.
