ABSTRACT
In the second quarter of the 20th century, two great physicists, Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr, discussed the basic principles of the physical foundation of our world. Recent progress in theoretical physics, at that time, had led to the formulation of the principle of uncertainty (the Heisenberg principle) according to which there are limits to the accuracy with which one can define position and impulse (the product of mass and velocity) of a particle. In a sense, this principle means that a particle is in a way spread over an area of space, and one can speak only about the probability of finding the particle in a certain point. This principle represented a huge leap from the determinism of the Newtonian classical mechanics. Einstein was very reluctant to accept this idea. He is attributed with saying that God does not play dice with nature. However, the later development in physics has proven that Heisenberg and Bohr were right: God does play dice!
