ABSTRACT

Thus the Chinese leaders have sought to construct anational identity which combines both 'hard' and 'soft' power. An aspect of this is China's move from the anti-imperialist theme, often identified as a 'victim culture' and relating to the colonial days of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, towards being a major arbiter amongst world powers (He 2009). As indicated below, there is discussion as to whether China' s arrival as a world power represents a 'peaceful rise' . To paraphrase one expert, peaceful rise is a two way process: the rising power commits to the rules and structures of international society while other powers make changes, seeking to accommodate the new incumbent (Buzan 2010).