ABSTRACT
Totalitarianism is not merely a political system. In keeping with its nature, it penetrates into all areas of society, culture and occupational activity-into the natural sciences as well. According to Raymond Aron’s criteria that define totalitarianism, one might say that, in both the social and the natural sciences, totalitarianism had already established itself in the Soviet Union by the 1930s. Stated more precisely, the politicization of the natural sciences occurred in the years between 1930 and 1932. During this time, it became clear that the Bolshevist government intended to make the natural sciences, a part of the entire intellectual culture, into an appendage of politics. Political ideas of socialism-of Stalin’s socialism, that is-and of the official philosophy that had already adapted to the regime by that point were actively distributed among the scientists.
