ABSTRACT
Although Egypt’s relations with Europe have always fluctuated between conflict
and cooperation, the policy consensus in Egypt today is that relations with
Europe are vitally important and that any enterprise to reinvigorate Egypt must
rely on expanded relations with that continent. These relations have always
occupied an important place in Egypt’s foreign policy agenda, regardless of the
ideology adopted by the Egyptian regime. Their contours have been shaped to a
large extent by five factors.
