ABSTRACT
As can be seen from the case studies presented in Chapters 2 to 9, when successfully implemented, Japanese management techniques offer the prospects of enhanced customer responsiveness (by shortening lead-times), a greater spectrum of final products, improved flexibility to cope with variations in input or output markets, greater product quality, and a significant reduction in unit costs. For the firm the consequence is likely to be an increased domestic market share (or a defended market share if competitors engage in the same reform) and/or heightened profitability, and growing export sales. From the national perspective, the introduction of Japanese management techniques allows for foreign exchange and productivity gains with little additional increment of fixed capital and foreign exchange. From labour’s point of view, it offers the prospects of lightened physical input and greater stability of employment. (However, as we will see, Japanese management techniques are often introduced in ways which enhance the intensity of work.) Finally, where competitive conditions prevail, consumers may be provided with cheaper products, an enhanced range of choice with greater scope for individual user-requirements to be met, increased quality and improved reliability of supply.
