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waterbird populations and provide additional mosquito breeding habitats, which would be conducive to increased arbovirus activity (Stanley 1972; 1975). Indeed the potential problems were expected to become more acute as the population in the area increased with the development of Kununurra township and nearby farming activities, and with increased tourism and mining opportunities. More than sixty-five arboviruses have been isolated in tropical Australia, but only a few have been implicated in human disease (Mackenzie et al. 1994a). These include the flaviviruses Murray Valley encephalitis (MVE), Kunjin, Kokobera, Alfuy, Edge Hill and dengue; and the alphaviruses Ross River, Barmah Forest, and Sindbis (Mackenzie et al. 1994a; 1994b). With respect to the Ord River irrigation area, the most important of these viruses is MVE, the major cause of Australian encephalitis. MVE virus has a natural biocenose between waterbirds, particularly members of the order Ciconiiformes, and mosquitoes, particularly the fresh-water breeding species, Culex annulirostris. MVE virus is a member of the Japanese encephalitis serological complex of flaviviruses, and is more closely related to Japanese encephalitis virus than are the other Australian members of the complex (Kunjin, Kokobera, Alfuy and Stratford viruses).
DOI link for waterbird populations and provide additional mosquito breeding habitats, which would be conducive to increased arbovirus activity (Stanley 1972; 1975). Indeed the potential problems were expected to become more acute as the population in the area increased with the development of Kununurra township and nearby farming activities, and with increased tourism and mining opportunities. More than sixty-five arboviruses have been isolated in tropical Australia, but only a few have been implicated in human disease (Mackenzie et al. 1994a). These include the flaviviruses Murray Valley encephalitis (MVE), Kunjin, Kokobera, Alfuy, Edge Hill and dengue; and the alphaviruses Ross River, Barmah Forest, and Sindbis (Mackenzie et al. 1994a; 1994b). With respect to the Ord River irrigation area, the most important of these viruses is MVE, the major cause of Australian encephalitis. MVE virus has a natural biocenose between waterbirds, particularly members of the order Ciconiiformes, and mosquitoes, particularly the fresh-water breeding species, Culex annulirostris. MVE virus is a member of the Japanese encephalitis serological complex of flaviviruses, and is more closely related to Japanese encephalitis virus than are the other Australian members of the complex (Kunjin, Kokobera, Alfuy and Stratford viruses).
waterbird populations and provide additional mosquito breeding habitats, which would be conducive to increased arbovirus activity (Stanley 1972; 1975). Indeed the potential problems were expected to become more acute as the population in the area increased with the development of Kununurra township and nearby farming activities, and with increased tourism and mining opportunities. More than sixty-five arboviruses have been isolated in tropical Australia, but only a few have been implicated in human disease (Mackenzie et al. 1994a). These include the flaviviruses Murray Valley encephalitis (MVE), Kunjin, Kokobera, Alfuy, Edge Hill and dengue; and the alphaviruses Ross River, Barmah Forest, and Sindbis (Mackenzie et al. 1994a; 1994b). With respect to the Ord River irrigation area, the most important of these viruses is MVE, the major cause of Australian encephalitis. MVE virus has a natural biocenose between waterbirds, particularly members of the order Ciconiiformes, and mosquitoes, particularly the fresh-water breeding species, Culex annulirostris. MVE virus is a member of the Japanese encephalitis serological complex of flaviviruses, and is more closely related to Japanese encephalitis virus than are the other Australian members of the complex (Kunjin, Kokobera, Alfuy and Stratford viruses).
ABSTRACT