ABSTRACT

Lack of improvement with CBT can relate to a number of factors. Predictors of less favorable treatment outcomes that have been established in depressed youth include older age, severe depression, comorbid diagnoses, family discord, and high impairment (Emslie, Mayes, & Ruberu, 2005). Recurrence rates are high in this population, and predictors of recurrence include family history of depression, comorbid disorders, negative cognitive style, and negative life events (Birmaher, Arbelaez, & Brent, 2002).