ABSTRACT
Chapter 7 contrasted the key differences among the three universities in the way their relationships with industry changed. This chapter develops further the concepts of two types of boundary, external and internal, that were introduced in chapters 4, 5, and 6, and argues that they influence and shape university-industry relationships. The external boundaries stand between the academic and industrial communities, and therefore represent the organizational boundaries of the universities.1 The internal boundaries stand between the different academic disciplinary communities, and also between the academic and administrative communities within universities who need to work together if the partnerships are to be sustained.
