ABSTRACT
Starting in the mid-1950s, when videotape recording was invented, programs were taped live and then played back for broadcast at a different time. These programs were played in real time without the benefit of instant replays or freeze frames. When videotape began to be used for editing purposes, it became critical to identify specific frames of video, access those frames, then cue and edit them to specific locations in an edited master tape. Film frames traditionally could be identified by numbers imprinted along the edge of the film. At the time of manufacture, video had no numbering that could be used to identify individual video frames.
