ABSTRACT
The previous chapter outlined different channels of communication: Braille, sign language, writing and speaking. It looked at the ways some important differences between the physical situation of writing and speaking influence the language use, in particular the interactive nature of speaking. Although there are exceptions (a speech that has been carefully scripted; written notes that have been hastily scribbled) the situation for much writing and speaking differs in these ways: https://www.niso.org/standards/z39-96/ns/oasis-exchange/table">
Writing
Speaking
solitary
co-present
monologue
dialogue
time to plan
immediate
permanent
no record
