ABSTRACT
Ancient environments, such as medieval parks and their veteran trees, are critically important for the safeguarding of deadwood invertebrates, epiphytic lichens, wood-rotting fungi, associated grassland and of course the veteran trees themselves. Effective conservation policy needs to be at the core of the delivery of future visions of grazed wooded or treed landscapes within their historic and cultural context. This chapter considers the approaches fostered by Natural England to conserve parkland and other wood-pastures in England.
