ABSTRACT
Introduction One distinctive feature of the model of regional integration advanced by the European Union (EU) concerns the creation of a social dimension (espace social européen) or European Social Model (ESM). This is a relatively new phenomenon, having been grafted onto a predominately economic or trade-orientated focus for economic integration. Nevertheless, it is one which has had increasing resonance amongst certain parts of the European citizenry as economic integration has deepened, as it is perceived as a means of counter-balancing the less desirable consequences likely to arise from the unfettered operation of free market forces (Bean et al., 1998). In this way, the ESM sets the EU apart from other contemporary examples of regional economic integration (VaughanWhitehead, 2003: 23). In general discussion, the concept of a ‘Social Europe’ is typically counterpoised against the neo-liberal, free market ‘Anglo-Saxon’ model. Not surprisingly, therefore, it has proven particularly popular amongst social democratic and trade union constituencies. Indeed, it represents a significant reason why these groupings remain amongst the most enthusiastic advocates of deeper European integration (Strange, 1997; Edmonds, 2000: 194; Whyman, 2002, 2007). Nevertheless, there remains a deep ambivalence concerning the precise meaning of the ESM, its importance and how (or indeed, whether) it complements other aspects of policies intended to promote a broadening and deepening of European integration. It is these aspects of the subject matter that this book is intended to evaluate.
