ABSTRACT
THE situation of the chapel of St. Helen, from which the modern town takes its name, has already been described. 1 This little chapel-of-ease, a pre-Reformation foundation, 2 easily reached from all four townships by the chief roads traversing them, was at the natural focal point of the district. It stood at the extreme south of Windle township, the southern portion of which was formed into a separate manor, or presumed manor, known as Hardshaw, or Hardshaw-within-Windle.
