ABSTRACT
As a rule, the humanbeing is the focal point of considerations concerning individual models. In this case, the individual experiences the crisis as an intensification of the actual situation, which, in extreme cases, can lead to his or her end. Contributions to the individual model come from medicine and psychosomatics, psychosocial development theory and crisis intervention (crisis intervention is a collective term for theories about human behaviour in exceptional circumstances and therapy concepts). For collective models, on the other hand, social systems are analysed under certain circumstances that could be described as a crisis. Economics, political science and communications research all contribute to the collective model.
