ABSTRACT

It has been a long journey from the Bronze Age to the internet age, and I shall make my conclusion brief. We began with the civilization builders of Egypt, Mesopotamia, China, India, Greece and Rome, and we saw how they used organization as a tool for the creation of stable societies. Many of the earliest writings we have on management are in effect searches for principles of organization – or for principles of leadership and sometimes also of strategy, for leadership and organization seemed to go hand in hand, each necessary to the other, and strategy was very much something that leaders did. The challenge of creating a stable society led to the search for these principles and their recording in various forms.