ABSTRACT
Political manipulation is the main process through which educational change is pursued and produced in the centralized system. The study of interaction is therefore the study of educational politics stricto sensu. Thus the basic diagram (Figure II) at the end of Chapter 5 accentuated the upward flow of educational demands to the political centre and the reverse flow of policy-directives, from the top down to the component educational institutions. Interaction in centralized systems is centripetal in nature, for the negotiation of change depends upon the aggregation of grievances, the acquisition of political sponsorship, and the percolation of these demands into the central decision-making arena.
