ABSTRACT
DPE downstream promoter element
DRE cAMP response element
dsRNA double-stranded RNA
dTTP deoxythymidine 5¢-triphosphate
E energy
E 0 ¢ standard redox potential
EC Enzyme Commission
ECG electrocardiogram
eIF eukaryotic initiation factor
ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
ER endoplasmic reticulum
EtP ethanolamine phosphate
ETS external transcribed spacer
F-2,6-BP fructose 2,6-bisphosphate
Fab fragment antigen binding
FACS fluorescence-activated cell sorter
FAD flavin adenine dinucleotide
FBPase2 fructose bisphosphatase 2
FMN flavin mononucleotide
FRAP fluorescence recovery after photobleaching
FRET fluorescence resonance energy transfer
G Gibbs free energy
GDP guanosine diphosphate
GEF guanine nucleotide-exchange factor
GFP green fluorescent protein
GlcNAc N-acetylglucosamine
Gln glutamine
Glu glutamic acid
GLUT1 erythrocyte glucose transporter or uniporter
Gly glycine
GPCR G protein-coupled receptor
GPI glycosyl phosphatidylinositol
GTP guanosine triphosphate
H enthalpy
HbA adult hemoglobin
HbF hemoglobin F
HbS sickle-cell hemoglobin
HDL high-density lipoprotein
His histidine
HIV human immunodeficiency virus
HLH helix-loop-helix
HMG 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl
HMM heavy meromyosin
HPLC high performance liquid chromatography
Hsp heat shock protein
HTH helix-turn-helix
Hyl 5-hydroxylysine
Hyp 4-hydroxyproline
IDL intermediate-density lipoprotein
IF initiation factor
IgA immunoglobulin A
IgG immunoglobulin G
IgM immunoglobulin M
Ile isoleucine
inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
IPTG isopropylthiogalactoside
IRES internal ribosome entry site
ITS internal transcribed spacer
K equilibrium constant
reverse reaction rate
forward reaction rate
Michaelis constant
LCAT lecithin-cholesterol acyl transferase
LDH lactate dehydrogenase
LDL low-density lipoprotein
Leu leucine
LMM light meromyosin
Lys lysine
MALDI-TOF matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-timeof-flight
MAP kinase mitogen-activated protein kinase
Met methionine
miRISC miRNA-induced silencing complex
miRNA microRNA
miRNP microribonucleoprotein
mRNA messenger RNA
MS mass spectrometry
MWC Monod-Wyman-Changeaux model
NAD+ nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
NADH reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
NADP+ nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
NADPH reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
NAM N-acetylmuramic acid
NHP nonhistone protein
NMR nuclear magnetic resonance
NOS nitric oxide synthase
Nt nucleotide
ORC origin of replication complex
ORF open reading frame
ORT oral rehydration therapy
P pressure
PAGE polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
PAP poly(A) polymerase
Pc plastocyanin
PEP phosphoenolpyruvate
PFK phosphofructokinase
PH pleckstrin homology
Phe phenylalanine
pI isoelectric point
free inorganic phosphate
PI 3-kinase phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
pK dissociation constant
PKA protein kinase A
inorganic pyrophosphate
Pro proline
PSI photosystem I
PSII photosystem II
PTB phosphotyrosine-binding
PTH phenylthiohydantoin
RER rough endoplasmic reticulum
RFLP restriction fragment length polymorphism
RIP regulated intramembrane proteolysis
RNA ribonucleic acid
RNA Pol RNA polymerase
RNAi RNA interference
RNP ribonucleoprotein
rRNA ribosomal RNA
S entropy
[S] substrate concentration
SDS sodium dodecyl sulfate
SECIS SElenoCysteine Insertion Sequence
Se-Cys selenocysteine
SER smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Ser serine
SH2 Src homology 2
SH3 Src homology 3
snoRNA small nucleolar RNA
snRNA small nuclear RNA
SREBP sterol regulatory element binding protein
SRP signal recognition particle
SSB single-stranded DNA-binding
STR short tandem repeat
T temperature
TBP TATA box binding protein
TCA tricarboxylic acid
TFII transcription factor for RNA polymerase II
TFIID transcription factor IID
TFIIIA RNA polymerase III transcription factor A
TFIIIC transcription factor IIIC
TGF-b transforming growth factor-b Thr threonine
Tris tris(hydroxy methyl) aminomethane
tRNA transfer RNA
Trp tryptophan
trp tryptophan operon
Tyr tyrosine
U enzyme unit
UBF upstream binding factor
UCE upstream control element
UDP uridine disphosphate
UTP uridine 5¢-triphosphate UTR untranslated region
UV ultraviolet
V volume
Val valine
VLDL very-low-density lipoprotein
YFP yellow fluorescent protein
