ABSTRACT
From 1970 to 1992, events which were taking place in Israel in the realms of security, foreign affairs and internal politics also reflected on settlement in the Golan Heights. The occurrences which were especially salient were:
The War of Attrition in the Golan – border clashes between Israel and Syria before the Yom Kippur War which led to heavy loss of life and which affected a number of the settlements.
The Yom Kippur War in October 1973 – during the first days of the war, the fighting was taking place in the settlement regions of the Golan and most settlements were evacuated.
Separation of forces negotiations between Israel and Syria were conducted at the beginning of 1974 and were concluded in an agreement signed in May 1974 and implemented about two months later.
The interim agreement in Sinai between Israel and Egypt in September 1975 – this represented a continuation of the separation of forces agreement which had been completed previously and was a stage in the progress toward a peace agreement.
The dramatic political upheaval in the Israeli government in May 1977, marking the end of the Labor Movement hegemony as state leaders. This bought about a change in the settlement policies in territories captured by Israel in June 1967.
The visit of President Sadat to Jerusalem (November 1977). This visit advanced the political process toward permanent peace between Egypt and Israel.
The framework agreement (October 1978) determined the evacuation of all settlements which had been built over the international border with Egypt and proclaimed that the agreement would serve as a basis for additional agreements between Israel and other states. A peace agreement was signed in March 1979 and was later implemented. Evacuation of the settlements in Sinai and in the Rafiah Salient began about two years later.
Israeli intervention in Lebanon and the resulting direct and indirect conflict with Syria.
