ABSTRACT
The lifetime risk for developing bipolar mania leading to hospitalization is around 1%1, and the risk of recurrence is almost 90%. Untreated, the manic episode generally lasts for 2-8 months. The condition is almost invariably associated with substantial negative interpersonal and social consequences, and death from suicide or from physical breakdown may occur. Poor compliance with treatment constitutes a major problem, and side-effects of drugs may increase the risk of non-compliance. For these reasons, the acute treatment of mania should not only be effective and well tolerated, it should also anticipate the future course of this recurrent illness.
