ABSTRACT
In the chapters of Part III of this book we have seen that in all major policy areas of the European Union, dense governance structures (combinations of regulation, budget and coordination) have developed. Moreover, we have seen in the chapters of Part II that structures for horizontal coordination (between policy areas) have been developed. We have further seen that these structures bear some similarities across different policy areas but that, in general, specific characteristics dominate. Some of these have to do with the application of policy principles that were introduced in Part I of the book. Others have to do with the historical conditions under which policy decisions were taken and/or with constraints such as administrative capacities.
