ABSTRACT
Citizenship is conceptually problematic, in that it necessarily involves drawing borders of inclusion and exclusion, thereby determining which rights, duties, and opportunities will be reserved for those in the citizenship position. In so doing, it cannot possibly satisfy everyone. Hence, the drawing of borders and the creating of rights, duties, and opportunities comes into being as a result of struggle. This results in the contestation of specifi c articulations of citizenship rights, duties, and opportunities. Because of this contention, citizenship is dynamic and best conceived of as an ongoing process, which requires that it be understood as such.
