ABSTRACT
Adoption of an holistic definition of development has important corollaries. Not only is development independent of growth, capable of both positive and negative dimensions, creative of ‘persistent poverty’ in the one area by processes related to those which have produced wealth in another, but also even development that raised the real income of the whole world might diminish social welfare, most specifically by causing deterioration of the environment. Moreover, the price of gain by present generations may be paid in scarcity for the yet-unborn, as resources of all kinds are squandered, not only to meet present needs, but even to generate new ones in the name of ‘ progress’.
