ABSTRACT
Description of the Issue ........................................................................................136 Historical, Empirical, and Theoretical Background ............................................ 137 Theoretical Framework and Research Support ................................................... 140 Perspective Divergence Between the Ingroup and Outgroup
(Misunderstanding 1) ....................................................................................... 141 Mutual Agreement on Status Differences and Perspective Divergence
(Misunderstanding 2) ....................................................................................... 143 Common Ingroup or Common Frame of Reference (Misunderstanding 3) ....... 144 Negative Prototypes or Facing the Unwanted (Misunderstanding 4) ................. 145 Tolerance or Irrelevance (Misunderstanding 5) .................................................. 145 Group Attributes and the Kernel of Truth (Misunderstanding 6) ...................... 146 Different Types of Reference Points (Misunderstanding 7) ................................ 147 The Reduction of Intergroup Confl ict Is Always Desirable
(Misunderstanding 8) ....................................................................................... 148 Conclusion: Implication and Application ............................................................. 148 References .............................................................................................................150
