ABSTRACT
OrganizatiOnal FactOrs New forms of cross-border partnership have necessitated new organizational arrangements, as colleges and universities launch programs and construct campuses in foreign settings. e cross-border campuses of institutions that operate as public universities in their home country may be legally constituted as private institutions in the partner country. Laws that regulate land rights, quality assurance, awarding of degrees, treatment of human subjects in research studies, and intellectual property rights at home and abroad can be very dierent. Educators’ notions of what constitute appropriate faculty responsibilities, workload, and pedagogy can lead to misunderstandings that fuel tension. Institutional policies that have evolved from substantial experience may be deemed curious and irrelevant by international partners who operate from the lens of their own history and experience. e insight, exibility, and wisdom with which college administrators and participating faculty members cope with these dierences will largely shape the quality and persistence of the relationship. Many of these issues can be anticipated and addressed in advance; some will only emerge as programs are implemented. None of these issues necessarily needs to thwart the development of strong cross-border partnerships. e problems tend to come when higher education institutions
on both sides of a partnership ground their collaborations on wishful thinking and overly optimistic expectations.
