ABSTRACT

Nearly 16% of India’s population – or over 100 million people – are untouchables. Most of them, despite decades of government efforts to improve their economic and social position, remain desperately poor, illiterate, subject to brutal discrimination and economic exploitation, and with no prospect for improvement of their condition. This is the autobiography, first published in 1979, of Muli, a 40-year-old untouchable of the Bauri caste, living in the Indian state of Orissa, as told to an American anthropologist. Muli is a narrator who combines rich descriptions of daily life with perceptive observations of his social surroundings. He describes with absorbing detail what it is like to be at the bottom of Indian life, and what happens when an untouchable attempts to break out of his accepted role.

part One|61 pages

Muli: An Indian Untouchable

chapter 1|11 pages

Introducing Muli

chapter 2|21 pages

Collecting Muli’s Life History

chapter 3|27 pages

The Setting of Muli’s Life History

part Two|102 pages

Youth and Hopes

chapter 4|7 pages

Muli’s Childhood, 1932–44

chapter 6|12 pages

A Guru for the Bauris, 1948

chapter 7|10 pages

Koki’s Abortion, 1948

chapter 9|9 pages

Grandmother Dungi’s Death, 1948

chapter 10|13 pages

Koki’s Marriage, 1948–49

chapter 11|9 pages

Doctor Babu, 1949

chapter 12|12 pages

Dash Babu’s “Hot Disease,” 1949

part Three|79 pages

The Reluctant Householder

chapter 13|14 pages

Muli’s Inauspicious Marriage, 1950–52

chapter 14|7 pages

Traveling with Lakhi the Prostitute, 1953

chapter 15|6 pages

Kia Possessed, 1953–56

chapter 16|12 pages

Grandfather Dharma, 1956–57

chapter 17|13 pages

The White Bullocks, 1957

chapter 18|8 pages

Starvation and Family Quarrels, 1957–58

chapter 19|5 pages

Brother Anadi, 1959–60

chapter 20|8 pages

Kia’s Illness, 1960

chapter 21|4 pages

Marrying and Divorcing a Tree Trunk, 1961

part Four|128 pages

Bad Times

chapter 22|9 pages

A Successful Business Venture, 1962

chapter 23|17 pages

Muli’s Other Wife, 1962

chapter 24|14 pages

Living with Two Wives, 1962–63

chapter 26|22 pages

Transvestites and Prostitutes, 1969–72

chapter 27|8 pages

Kia’s Attempted Suicide, 1971–72

chapter 29|19 pages

Harvest Tragedy, 1971–72

part Five|28 pages

Interpretations

chapter 30|16 pages

Analysis of Muli’s Life History

chapter 31|10 pages

Conclusions