ABSTRACT

This volume offers an interdisciplinary study of how different cultures have sought to transform individuals into warriors.

War changes people, however a less explored question is how different societies want people to change as they are turned into warriors. When societies go to war they recognize that a boundary is being crossed. The participants are expected to do things that are otherwise prohibited, or at least governed by different rules. This edited volume analyses how different cultures have conceptualized the transformations of an individual passing from a peacetime to a wartime existence to become an active warrior. Despite their differences, all societies grapple with the same question: how much of the individual’s peace-self should be and can be retained in the state of war? The book explores cases such as the Nordic berserkers, the Japanese samurai, and European knights, as well as modern soldiers in Germany, Liberia, and Sweden. It shows that archaic and modern societies are more similar than we usually think: both kinds of societies use myths, symbols, and rituals to create warriors. Thus, this volume seeks to redefine theories of modernization and secularization. It shows that military organizations need to take myths, symbols, and rituals seriously in order to create effective units.

This book will be of much interest to students of military studies, war studies, sociology, religion, and international relations in general.

chapter |18 pages

Introduction

Symbolic and mythological perspectives on war and peace join the archaic with the modern

chapter |17 pages

A portrait of the warrior as a beast

Hunter, man, and animal in Sophocles' Trachiniae and Schwarzenegger's Predator

chapter |13 pages

Cycles of the wolf

Unmasking the young warrior in Europe's past

chapter |17 pages

“Laughing I shall die!”

The total transformations of berserkers and úlfheðnar in Old Norse society

chapter |22 pages

Professionalization of transformation

From knights to officers in the Renaissance

chapter |21 pages

Transformation into manhood

Sex, violence, and the making of warriors, women, and victims in early modern Europe

chapter |17 pages

Japanese warrior transformations

Bushidō as the continuation of death by other means

chapter |19 pages

Transformation into nature

Swedish Army Ranger rites of passage

chapter |20 pages

From total to minimal transformation

German oaths of loyalty 1871–2014

chapter |21 pages

The haunted road

Failed transformations and the return from war or, a historical sociology of war veterans

chapter |9 pages

Conclusions

The transformations of the future