ABSTRACT

Philosophic Classics: From Plato to Derrida includes essential writings of the most important philosophers from almost two millennia of Western philosophy. In updating this Seventh Edition, editor Forrest E. Baird has continued to follow the same criteria established by the late-Walter Kaufmann when the Philosophic Classics series was first established: (1) to use complete works or, where more appropriate, complete sections of works (2) in clear translations (3) of texts central to each thinker’s philosophy or widely accepted as part of the "canon." To make the works more accessible to students, most footnotes treating textual matters (variant readings, etc.) have been omitted and important words from antiquity have been transliterated and put in angle brackets. In addition, each thinker is introduced by a brief essay composed of three sections: (1) biographical (a glimpse of the life), (2) philosophical (a résumé of the philosopher’s thought), and (3) bibliographical (suggestions for further reading).

A timeline places important philosophers alongside other important thinkers, world leaders, and major global events. Photos and paintings with explanatory captions illuminate the ideas, debates, and places discussed in the text.

New to the Seventh Edition:

  • New translations: Plato, Euthyphro, Apology, Crito, and Phaedo; Aristotle, Nichomachean Ethics; Epicurus, Letter to Menoeceus and Principal Doctrines; Boethius, The Consolation of Philosophy; Anselm, Proslogion; Giovanni Pico Della Mirandola, Oration on the Dignity of Man; René Descartes, Correspondence with Princess Elizabeth; Gottfried Leibniz, Monadology; Jean-Jacques Rousseau, The Social Contract; Immanuel Kant, Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics and Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals
  • Additional material: Porphyry’s Life of Plotinus (in part); Francis Bacon, Aphorisms (selections from Novum Organum); Karl Marx, Theses on Feuerbach; A.J. Ayer, Language, Truth, and Logic (in part)
  • Updated, annotated bibliographies with each bibliography now broken into two sections, one for beginning and another for advanced students.

part |169 pages

Ancient Greek Philosophy

chapter |96 pages

Socrates

470–399 b.c.

chapter |71 pages

Aristotle

384–322 b.c.

part |34 pages

Hellenistic and Roman Philosophy

chapter |7 pages

Epicurus

341–270 b.c.

chapter |11 pages

Epictetus: ca. a.d. 50–ca. a.d. 130

chapter |5 pages

Pyrrho: ca. 360–ca. 270 b.c.

chapter |8 pages

Plotinus: ca. a.d. 204–270

part |83 pages

Christianity and Medieval Philosophy

chapter |22 pages

Augustine: a.d. 354–430

chapter |4 pages

Boethius: ca. a.d. 480–ca. a.d. 524

chapter |6 pages

Anselm (and Gaunilo)

1033–1109

chapter |6 pages

Hildegard of Bingen

1098–1179

chapter |5 pages

Moses Maimonides

1135–1204

chapter |25 pages

Thomas Aquinas

1225–1274

chapter |7 pages

William of Ockham: ca. 1285–1349

chapter |4 pages

Giovanni Pico della Mirandola

1463–1494

part |422 pages

Modern Philosophy

chapter |6 pages

Francis Bacon

1561–1626

chapter |37 pages

René Descartes

1596–1650

chapter |31 pages

Thomas Hobbes

1588–1679

chapter |7 pages

Blaise Pascal

1623–1662

chapter |40 pages

Baruch Spinoza

1632–1677

chapter |41 pages

John Locke

1632–1704

chapter |31 pages

Gottfried Leibniz

1646–1716

chapter |48 pages

George Berkeley

1685–1753

chapter |62 pages

David Hume

1711–1776

chapter |10 pages

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

1712–1778

chapter |102 pages

Immanuel Kant

1724–1804

chapter |5 pages

Mary Wollstonecraft

1759–1797

part |111 pages

Nineteenth-Century Philosophy

chapter |10 pages

G.W.F. Hegel

1770–1831

chapter |32 pages

John Stuart Mill

1806–1873

chapter |16 pages

Søren Kierkegaard

1813–1855

chapter |20 pages

Karl Marx

1818–1883

chapter |11 pages

William James

1842–1910

chapter |20 pages

Friedrich Nietzsche

1844–1900

part |133 pages

Twentieth-Century Philosophy

chapter |9 pages

Edmund Husserl

1859–1938

chapter |7 pages

W.E.B. Du Bois

1868–1963

chapter |9 pages

Bertrand Russell

1872–1970

chapter |24 pages

Martin Heidegger

1889–1976

chapter |23 pages

Ludwig Wittgenstein

1889–1951

chapter |9 pages

A.J. Ayer

1910–1989

chapter |14 pages

Jean-Paul Sartre

1905–1980

chapter |12 pages

Simone de Beauvoir

1908–1986

chapter |14 pages

Willard Van Orman Quine

1908–2000

chapter |9 pages

Jacques Derrida

1930–2004