ABSTRACT
We define 'research' as an endeavour to discover facts by scientific study. In this and the succeeding chapter we are concerned with formally organized research work, and include as research therefore attempts to create new knowledge, to extend existing knowledge, or to transfer existing knowledge from one field to another. In other words, we include what are commonly referred to as 'pure' or 'basic' and 'applied' research. The question of the use to which the knowledge is put will be taken up in Chapter 14 when we come to discuss the different approaches to research and the different conditions under which it is carried out in different kinds of institution. The distinction then is between the pursuit of knowledge for its own sake, on the one hand, and the pursuit of knowledge about specific things to be applied for specific purposes, on the other.
