Some Problems in the Analysis and Comparison of Monkey and Ape Behavior

I N THE EARLY BEHAVIOR STUDIES of captive monkeys and apes, for example in the accounts of Romanes (1889), Hobhouse (1901), Thorndike (1901) and others, the object of comparison was the "mentality" of these animals and

that of "Man." Hence, observation, experiment, and interpretation all were oriented for many years toward discovering the intellectual limits of the few representatives of the very few species that were studied, while, at the same time, some authors, notably Romanes (1889), tended to over-emphasize the almosthuman mental attributes of individual animals.