ABSTRACT
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Most readers are familiar with Daniel Defoe as a writer of travel and adventure novels, picaresque narratives of derring-do in the face of seemingly impossible physical obstacles and odds, like those encountered by the castaway hero of Robinson Crusoe (1719), Defoe's first novel. And because of the concrete particularity, referential language, and contemporaneous settings of his stories, literary critics have long assigned Defoe a special place in the history of the novel, if not quite as the father of the mature form of the novel then certainly as the originator of the techniques famously defined by Ian Watt (1957) as "formal realism."
