ABSTRACT
Many models have also worked as artists, and since the mid-19th century the two roles have often overlapped. This has most frequently been the case for women, but male models such as André Utter and Gaetano Meo have also made the crossover from model to artist. For many models, a personal or professional relationship with a particular artist, or close involvement with artistic communities or institutions, provided opportunities for training at a time when more established routes into the profession - for women especially - were restricted and expensive. Other models, such as Gwen John or Nina Hamnett, were trained first as artists but posed for colleagues and friends as a means of supplementing their income. In most instances, the artist's reputation as a model has subsequently greatly overshadowed his or her work as an artist.
