ABSTRACT
Culture may be seen as a process through which man creates his living environment and is able to improve it progressively by retaining and modifying advances made by previous generations, teaching the whole to subsequent generations, borrowing innovations, and making innovations which are capable of perpetuation. The term cultural transmission covers a series of activities, all essential to culture, which it is useful to subdivide into the capacity to learn, the capacity to teach, and the capacity to embody knowledge in forms which make it transmissible at a distance in time or space. Examination of cases helps to clarify the differential development in other species of one or another of the behavior components characteristic of cultural transmission. It is necessary to recognize not only that man's ability to learn is no more than one component in this process, but also that there are many kinds of learning, each of which is itself dependent on styles of teaching.
