ABSTRACT
As Negro disillusionment with the outcome of the Supreme Court school desegregation decision grew in the latter half of the Fifties, black people began to turn to more direct confrontations with the accommodative structure. Some changes resulted, most notably in access to public facilities, but also in some extension of the franchise. This protest activity, much of which took place in the South, was accompanied by violence of varying degrees—civil rights workers were slain, sit-in demonstrators were hosed down or attacked by police dogs. The chapter deals with "routine" violence in the South. During the current decade there have been a number of changes; the most important of these has been the occurrence of very large-scale riotous disorders. The chapter includes the report of the National Advisory Commission that treats descriptively the Newark and Detroit disturbances. Although Newark maintained proportionately the largest police force of any major city, its crime rate was among the highest in the nation.
