ABSTRACT
Bythedefeatof404Athens,whoseman-powerandresourceshadbeen seriouslydepletedbythelongwar,lostbothherfleetandherempire. AtthemercyofherconquerorLysander,thecitywasgovernedfrom 404to403byacommission,theThirty,chosenfromthearistocratic party,which,afteritsephemeralrevoltin41r,nowproceeded,in collaborationwiththeenemy,totakeitsrevengeonthedemocrats. ProtectedbytheSpartangarrison,theThirtyinstitutedaregimeof terror;andtherewereveryfewwho,likeSocrates(seep.203),had thecouragetoresist.Theramenes,amemberoftheThirtyandleader ofthemoderatefractionwithintheparty,wassoconcernedbythe excessescommittedthathedaredtocriticizethem:hewashailed beforetheSenatebyCritiasandillegallycondemnedtodeath.
