ABSTRACT
This chapter describes elements comprising the Collaborative Tradition of public administration, which promotes the ideal-type role conceptualization of Steward. This participative and facilitative role conceptualization transcends or synthesizes the Servant/Master metaphors of Bureaucrat and Entrepreneur, assuming the role of Co-Creator. The Collaborative Tradition is grounded in an altogether different ontological position than that of Liberalism. The political ontology of the Collaborative Tradition attempts to achieve a dialectical synthesis of Maker/Citizen roles in which all human beings are "co-creators". The humanistic and democratic movements in management theory noted in the Discretionary Tradition led some public administration scholars to suggest that we must have democracy in the workplace to produce democratic outcomes for society. Organizations of governance must be democratic in relation to the citizenry because a pure democracy must reside within a holistic social order without separate spheres or sectors.
