ABSTRACT
This chapter presents a plurality of Muslim positions in the area of human rights. Human rights constitute political and legal standards. Like other religions or cultures, Islam is a complex reality harboring various, and frequently conflicting, interpretations about its inherent normative demands. Such diverse interpretations also emerge in the field of human rights. Recollection of the injustices should prevent superficial pretensions that the societies of the modern era are morally superior to premodern societies. According to the John Rawls, an "overlapping consensus" means a practical normative consensus on political and legal justice in a pluralistic democratic society. The chapter suggests that there is not one binding Islamic position but rather a great variety of "Muslim voices" offering different views about whether and how the idea of human rights and Islamic normative requirements fit together.
