ABSTRACT
It has been reported (Isaac, 1992; 1993) that imagery and visualization in three-dimensional space is an ability reported by air traffic controllers. However it is unclear how these skills are used in the actual controlling environment to supplement other information. In order to explore the use of situational awareness, and more precisely imagery, in short-term memory, two experiments were undertaken.
Firstly a group of controllers were monitored during the ‘hand-over’ phase of their shift to ascertain the time to create their individual situational awareness.
Secondly another group of controllers (n=26) were monitored during a screen failure in a radar exercise.
There were significant differences between individual controllers and imagery was implicated in both their creation and their regaining of the ‘traffic picture’. It was also demonstrated that the active use of strips enabled controllers to maintain clear situational awareness with fewer call-sign confusions.
