ABSTRACT
The secular and sacred facets of Baroque style flourished in tandem: councilors and burghers invested in coffee houses, colonial goods, and the opera as well as in churches. The traditional financial security provided by the Leipzig cantorate, combined with newer performance opportunities in the New Church and university Church, allowed Bach and student musicians to innovate in secular venues. Pietists meshed uneasily with the Baroque culture. However, they also helped develop a richer and more multi-faceted urban life after 1680, establishing collegia and then a shadowy network. Their activities had a rebellious flavor and were met with resistance by more established figures such as the Leipzig clergy and Cantor Kuhnau. By the 1720s, both Halle Pietists and the representatives of high Baroque or galant style had themselves become part of a more sedate establishment. In Leipzig, as in many other towns, numerous usages viewed with contempt by Enlighteners were altered only in the 1780s, or even later.
