ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses uniform quantization, which is the simplest yet the most important case. It also discusses concepts, principles, and various quantization techniques, which include uniform and nonuniform quantization, optimum quantization, and adaptive quantization. The chapter provides a discussion of adaptive quantization and describes pulse code modulation as the best established and most frequently implemented digital coding method involving quantization. It looks at the block diagram reveals that in both the quantization encoder and decoder the buffering and the statistical analysis are carried out with respect to the output of quantization encoder. Quantization is a critical stage in image and video compression. It has significant impact on the distortion of reconstructed image and video as well as the bit rate of the encoder. Adaptive quantization attempts to make the quantizer design adapt to the varying input statistics in order to achieve better performance.
