ABSTRACT
The Hitchman decision was not the only threat to John R. Commons's vision of industrial democracy. After the Armistice on November 11, 1918, the National Association of Manufacturers, NAM resumed its open-shop campaigns. Back in Madison, in 1918, John R. had inaugurated a new course called "values and valuation", returning to his interest in the connections between ethics, economics, and law. Herbert Hoover established a Business Cycle Committee and a Committee on Seasonal Operations to develop cooperative relations with private sector construction companies and state governments. In July, 1920, the Wisconsin Federation of Labor invited John R. to address its annual convention. John R'.s address was all about universal health insurance. But union delegates wanted to talk about unemployment compensation. Three years later, on November 8, 1923, another old Friend, Florence Kelley, asked John R. to serve as president of the National Consumers' League, NCL.
