ABSTRACT
This chapter shows the status of bionanocomposites, various methods of their synthesis, modification, and applications. Research on bionanocomposites sets a new interdisciplinary field similar to biomineralization process, biomimetic system, and bioinspired materials. Bionanocomposites can be prepared usually by four methods: in situ polymerization, solution casting, melt processing, and in situ template synthesis. Young's modulus and tensile strength mainly explain the reinforcement effect of fillers in bionanocomposites. Biological properties are mainly defined through the biodegradation of bionanocomposites. Being environment friendly, biodegradable, and biocompatible, bionanocomposites offer numerous applications in different fields such as biomedicine, electronics, environment, membrane separation, sensors, and packaging. Bionanocomposite membranes are employed in the process of water purification by reverse osmosis. The antimicrobial properties of bionanocomposites are an important factor in various industries. The main challenge related with the application of bionanocomposite is their complicated synthesis and processing. Polymer bionanocomposites have good barrier properties against gases and water vapor.
