ABSTRACT
[Abstract: This chapter shows how a language’s spelling system relates to the ability of its speakers to read and write. In particular, two theories are discussed. The Orthographic Depth Hypothesis states that languages with spelling systems with irregular (deep) correspondences are more difficult to use and process than those with regular (shallow) correspondences, thus hindering literacy. Research data shows this is the case for English. The Dual-Route Hypothesis of Reading states that common, familiar words are not read letter-by-letter but in a more holistic fashion, while rarer and unfamiliar words must be processed by relating letters to sounds.]
