ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on evaluation of vessel patency from an endovascular revascularization perspective. Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a condition that describes atherosclerosis involving major vascular beds. Peripheral vascular angiography may be argued as the gold standard when it comes to assessing vessel patency. The goal of peripheral angiography is to confirm clinical examination and noninvasive test findings to pave the way for revascularization. Selective angiography allows the operator to better define the degree of disease. The chapter discusses common femoral artery (CFA) access. Typically, an upper extremity access is reserved for planned intervention. When talking about upper extremity peripheral angiography, the operator should recognize areas more likely to contain disease. The distal abdominal aorta typically bifurcates at the level of third or fourth lumbar vertebra into right and left common iliac arteries (CIA). The chapter examines details related to variable access points within the lower extremity.
