ABSTRACT
The topic of counting is quite broad and deep. In this entry, we examine several of the more critical concepts behind counting basics. The topics to be covered include counting arguments; numbering systems; sets; sum and product rule; inclusion–exclusion principle; arithmetic and geometric progressions; the pigeonhole principle; permutations and combinations; the binomial theorem; Pascal’s identity; and recurrence relations. We also provide some information and references for those who wish to explore the breadth and depth of the topic.
