ABSTRACT
This chapter examines various musculoskeletal concepts. Adhesive capsulitis is also known as 'frozen shoulder'—more common in females and between 40 and 70 years of age. Interruption of blood supply causes the cell death of the bone constituents, mostly due to an arterial problem. It can affect any bone, but the hip is most commonly affected. Slipped upper femoral epiphysis (SUFE) is the most common hip abnormality affecting adolescents aged 10–16 years. Bone infarct refers to infarction occurring in the diaphysis or metaphysis. Infarction occurring in the epiphysis is known as avascular necrosis (AVN). Musculoskeletal abnormalities may be due to the effects of chronic anaemia. Aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a lucent, expansile lesion containing multiple thin-walled, blood-filled cavities. The brown tumour is a focus of bone resorption replaced by vascular fibrous tissue. It mimics metastases and myeloma. Multiple myeloma is a cancer of the plasma cells found in bone marrow.
