ABSTRACT
Standards are documents provided by expert and recognized organizations, which provide guidelines or characteristics of common activities to ensure consistency, quality, and safety. Standards are developed on the basis of research and experience through consensus of groups of experts. Generally, standards used in pavement engineering are those that are developed by traditional formal organizations such as the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM International), the American Association of State and Highway Transportation Officials (AASHTO), the Asphalt Institute, the American Concrete Institute (ACT), and the British Standards Institution (BSI). AASHTO standards are developed either separately or, if appropriate, on the basis of existing ASTM standards by the AASHTO Highway Subcommittee of Materials, with representatives of transportation department officials in the United States, associate members, and international members, such as those from the Canadian provinces and Korea.
