ABSTRACT
In this chapter, we describe the basic principles of color vision, beginning with a description of the main early theories, like the Newton and Maxwell experiments and the retinex theory of color by Edwin H. Land. The mathematical tools for the development of the color theory based on the Young–Helmholtz theory are developed. Color defects are studied, including methods for their detection. The main color systems and tools used in colorimetric measurements with the definitions of concepts like the tristimulus values, color-matching functions, chromaticity coordinates, and the chromaticity Commission Internationale de l’Éclairage (CIE) diagram are described.
The main color systems employed in colorimetric measurements and color definition are studied in some detail, including the color addition and color subtraction processes.
