ABSTRACT
In truthfulness and uprightness there is an element of purity. For in truthfulness there inheres “the courage of truth.” A truthful man may in some other respects be immoral; likewise one who loves may be untruthful. Truth and truthfulness are not the same. Both are of value, but only the latter is a moral value. Truth is the objective agreement of thought, or conviction, with the existing situation. Straightforwardness, or uprightness, is related to pretence not otherwise than truthfulness to a lie. Truthfulness as a community-value is a permanent ideal of the moral life, which in history for ever meets with new obstacles. Real moral life is not such that one can stand guiltless in it. Each person must step by step in life settle conflicts, insoluble theoretically, by his own free sense of values and his own creative energy, should be regarded as a feature of the highest spiritual significance in complete humanity and genuine freedom.
